The best dressing of pepper seedlings: when and how to fertilize

Timely care of seedlings ensures the health and durability of plants and their readiness to transplant into the ground. Due to the complex of essential micronutrients, peppers form strong roots and easily adapt to adverse environmental conditions.

Feeding conditions

Which fertilizer is better to choose for pepper seedlings is based on soil composition. When special soils are used, there is no need for early feeding. Such soil initially contains additives that help strengthen the seedlings. If the seeds are sown in ordinary soil, top dressing is applied when the first leaves appear. Typically, a selection is made at this stage. After that you need to take a break for 2 weeks and only then fertilize the soil.

The first fertilizer for growing pepper seedlings contains 2.5 ml of potassium humate and 0.5 tsp. urea (for 1 liter of water). Another option is to dissolve 0.5 g of ammonium nitrate, 1 g of potassium and 3 g of superphosphate in 1 liter of water.

The second feeding is carried out after 2 weeks. Fertilizers are the same, but the dose is doubled. Grown seedlings require more nutrients.

The third tillage is scheduled a week before planting seedlings in the ground. At this stage it is recommended to increase the amount of potassium to 8 g per 1 liter of water.

A competent approach will prevent problems

O’simliklar holatini kuzatish sizga muammoni vaqtida payqashga va chora ko’rishga imkon beradi. Agar o’g’it berilsa, lekin unib chiqadigan o’simliklar qurib qolsa, kompozitsiyani o’zgartirish kerak. Ayni paytda qalampir ko’chatlari uchun qanday o’g’it kerakligini aniqlash uchun ular yosh qalampirning paydo bo’lishi bilan boshqariladi:

tepada engil barglar – temir tanqisligi;
barglarni pastdan yoritish – azot etishmasligi;
agar barcha barglar qurib qolsa, mis etarli emas;
binafsha chiziqlar paydo bo’lishi – fosfor etishmovchiligi.

Ro’yxatdagi va boshqa belgilarga e’tibor qaratib, tuproqni kam element bilan g’ayrioddiy davolashni amalga oshirish kerak.

Voqealar samarasini kutish uchun qalampir ko’chatlarini boqish quyidagi qoidalarga muvofiq amalga oshiriladi:

ishlov berish ertalab amalga oshiriladi, shunda harorat pasayganda, kechqurungacha tuproq qurib, qo’ziqorin kasalliklarini rivojlanishiga yo’l qo’ymaydi;
yuqori choyshab ildiz va barglar bilan aloqa qilmaslik uchun ildizga qo’llaniladi;
quruq aralashmalarni iliq suvda suyultirish;
qalampir uchun har qanday o’g’it oldindan namlangan tuproqqa qo’llaniladi;
kiyinish oralig’ida tuproqni yumshatish kerak.

O’g’itlar

Barcha turdagi o’g’itlar mineral (agrokimyoviy kompleks mahsulotlari) va organik (go’ng, kompost va boshqalar) ga bo’linadi. Yuqumli kasalliklar va parazitlar bilan kasallangan past sifatli kompozitsiyani sotib olmaslik uchun ikkinchisini ishonchli etkazib beruvchilardan sotib olish maqsadga muvofiqdir.

Mineral qoplamalar turlarini assortimentida ishlab chiqariladi, ularning har biri muayyan muammolarni hal qiladi:

karbamid. Asirlarning to’g’ri rivojlanishi va ko’katlarning o’sishi uchun zarur bo’lgan taxminan 50% azotdan iborat;
ammiakli selitra. 35% gacha azotni o’z ichiga oladi, bu uni hosilni pishib etishning keyingi bosqichlarida ishlatishga imkon beradi;
superfosfat. O’simliklar uchun mavjud bo’lgan shaklda fosfor bilan boyitilgan. Ildizlarning rivojlanishi uchun kerak;
kaliy sulfat. U o’simlik immuniteti, tuxumdon shakllanishi va mo’l-ko’l gullash uchun javob beradigan 50% kaliydan iborat. Xlor o’z ichiga olmaydi;
kaliy magniy. 4-18% magniy va 24-30% kaliydan iborat. Xlorofillning to’planishiga yordam beradi, qalampirning “go’shtliligini” ta’minlaydi;
kaltsiy nitrat. Tarkibida 19% kaltsiy bor, bu kislotali tuproqni muvozanatlashiga yordam beradi va shuningdek meva pishishini tezlashtiradi.

Mineral qo’shimchalar tuproqdagi ozuqa moddalarining etishmasligini hisobga olgan holda, ko’rsatmalarga muvofiq qat’iy ravishda kiritiladi. Ortiqcha zararli. Organik moddalar bu jihatdan sodda, ammo uning tarkibi professional qishloq xo’jaligi mahsulotlarini almashtirish uchun juda boy emas. Ko’pincha dehqonlar organik qo’shimchalar shaklida go’ng va kompost, torf va gumus, kul va qush axlatidan foydalanadilar.

Qalampir ko’chatlarini qanday boqish kerak

Tayyor formulalar

Agrokimyoviy kompleks mahsulotlaridan foydalanganda quyidagi qoidani yodda tutish kerak: ortiqcha bo’lganidan ko’ra ozuqa moddalarining etishmasligi yaxshiroqdir. Ikkinchi holda, o’simliklar zarar etkazishi mumkin. Suyuq shakllar ko’chatlar uchun ko’proq mos keladi, shuning uchun agar chang yoki granulalar sotib olinsa, ular ko’rsatmalarga muvofiq suv bilan suyultiriladi. Paketda ishlab chiqaruvchilar kompozitsiyani ko’chatlarga qo’llash mumkinmi yoki yo’qligini bildiradilar. Haqiqat shundaki, o’sishni boshlaydigan qalampirning dozasi kattalar o’simlikining yarmiga tengdir.

Amalda sinovdan o’tgan mashhur formulalar:

“Kemira-lyuks”. Ko’chatlar va gullar uchun tavsiya etiladi. 1 litr suv uchun, agar birinchi oziqlantirish rejalashtirilgan bo’lsa, 1 g kompozitsiyani oling. Ikkinchi marta, doz 2-3 baravar oshiriladi;
“Kristalon”. U ildiz tizimining rivojlanishini faollashtiradi, o’simliklarning o’sishini rag’batlantiradi. 1 litr suv uchun 2 g moddani oling. Rangni tanlashda quyidagilarni ko’rib chiqing: oq qo’shimcha yorug’liksiz o’sishga mo’ljallangan, ko’k orqa yoritilgan ko’chatlarga, qizil bulutli ob-havo sharoitida qalampirni tortib olishiga yo’l qo’ymaydi;
“GUMI Kuznetsova”. Uning tarkibida fosfor, azot, kaliy va natriy mavjud. Bu stressga chidamliligini oshiradigan kuchli stimulyator. 1 litr suv uchun 1 g moddani oling;
“Ideal”. Ildiz tizimini rivojlantiradi, kasalliklarga qarshi immunitetni oshiradi. Birinchi oziqlantirish uchun 0,5 ml kompozitsion 1 litr suvda suyultiriladi, ikkinchisida konsentratsiya 2 baravar oshiriladi.

Fosfor, kaliy va azotli o’g’itlarni qalampir ko’chatlari uchun qo’llashda siz o’simliklarning rivojlanish bosqichini va tegishli omillarni hisobga olishingiz kerak.

Xalq yo’llari

Uyda qalampir ko’chatlari uchun murakkab o’g’itni tayyorlash usullaridan biri xamirturush yoki yodni suvda eritishdir. Bunday davolash o’simliklarning immunitetini oshiradi, qo’ziqorin infektsiyalarining ko’payishini oldini oladi. Yosh qalampirni boqish uchun 1-2 tomchi yod 1 litr suvda eritiladi, iloji bo’lsa – 100 ml sut zardobi.

Xamirturushni boqish uchun sizga fermentlangan eritma kerak bo’ladi. 3 litr suv shisha idishga quyiladi, 125 g shakar va 100 g xom xamirturush qo’shiladi. Eritma fermentlanganda konsentrat 1 litr suv uchun 20 ml miqdorida suv bilan suyultiriladi.

Boy amaliy tajribaga ega bo’lgan sabzavot yetishtiruvchilar xamirturush va yod eritmalari bilan davolash gullar sonini va ular bilan birga hosilni ko’payishiga da’vo qilishadi.

Tabiiy ovqatni sevuvchilar uchun organik

Those who are committed to organic products use organic fertilizers. The effect is not as complex as in balanced compositions of agricultural chemistry, but there are benefits. A few folk recipes will help you grow delicious and fresh peppers.

Banana peel contains a lot of potassium, which is necessary for the growth of peppers. There are several ways to use it. The first is to dry the bark, grind it and sprinkle it on the beds. The second – to insist 2–3 peels for 3 days in a three-liter jar. Withdraw the infusion and use it to water the seedlings.
Stinging nettle. To prepare a useful infusion, take chopped greens, fill it with water and cook it for a few days. To the resulting solution is added 20 g of ash per liter.
Making tea. You can not throw away the tea leaves, but use them in practice: pour 1 cup of tea leaves with 3 liters of water, leave for 5 days. Use for watering, watering.
Eggshell. Stimulates proper growth of seedlings. A 3-liter glass jar is filled with 1/3 crushed shells filled to the top with water. After 3 days, when it smells of hydrogen sulfide, you can use the solution.

When choosing any fertilizer, you should keep in mind that peppers are sensitive to agricultural technology. For seedlings to be strong and promising, you need to find the right approach, feed the soil properly and on time.

What fertilizer to apply directly when planting bell peppers

Seedlings do not need to be treated with chemicals in high doses – for the first time a weakly concentrated mineral solution is sufficient. For 10 liters of water:

20 g of superphosphate, 14 g of potassium sulfate, 5 g of urea;
30 g of superphosphate, 10 g of potassium sulfate, 6 g of ammonium nitrate.

The second feeding increases immunity, develops roots. The best option is organic. Add 1 kg of mullein or 0.5 kg of poultry manure to a bucket of water. The solution is infused for 2 days, after which the seedlings are treated.

The third treatment focuses on strengthening the seedlings before planting them in the ground. Both mineral and organic compounds solve the problem – which fertilizer to choose for pepper depends on the situation. If a lack of useful elements is suspected, you can combine both options 1: 1. The fertilization process is not complicated:

Moisten the soil with plenty of water.
Sprinkle the greens with water from a spray bottle.
Pour up to 100 ml of liquid fertilizer under each bush.
Sprinkle the greens again with water from a spray bottle.

Planting of seedlings is usually carried out after 75–90 days, when the plants grow from buds with 7 leaves and flowers, exceeding 20 cm.

Tillage schedule

The higher the quality (rich in micro and macronutrients) soil on the site or in the greenhouse, the less external substances it will need. It is the most common podzolic soil in the central zone of the Russian Federation, with minimal (up to 2.5%) fertility. Therefore, feeding is carried out not only in spring, but throughout the growing season.

Approximate plant processing schedule:

Nitrogen and phosphorus are added when 2-3 leaves appear on the seedling.
Organic matter is added 10-12 days after the first treatment or 7-10 days after harvesting.
Minerals and organic matter are applied one week before transplanting into the soil / greenhouse.
Nitrogen with magnesium is added after about 2 weeks, when the transplanted bushes become stronger.
Potassium and nitrogen fertilizers (complex) for peppers are applied during the abundant flowering period.
At the beginning of fruit formation is used top dressing with calcium and potassium.

Fertilizers are not used since the formation of peppers. The exception is emergencies when the bushes stop growing and dry out. The culture is very capricious, so it requires constant monitoring – in some cases additional feeding is introduced, in others the frequency of soil processing is reduced.

What to do before planting mature seedlings in the ground

In order for transplanting and rooting to go smoothly, the soil must be prepared – it is loosened so that it is saturated with air, nutrients are added. For 10 liters of water:

300 g of peat, 10 g of potassium sulfate and superphosphate;
15 g of calcium nitrate and 40 g of superphosphate;
500 g of manure, 200 g of ash, 40 g of superphosphate.

Selecting one of the options on the list, such a fertilizer is used for peppers when planting in the hole a few days before planting seedlings. If soil quality is in doubt, it is advisable to carry out disinfection with copper sulfate. Stir in 1 tbsp. l. Powder in 10 liters of water.

After transplanting, the processing continues in the open field: the leaf dressing for peppers is replaced by the usual during the growing season. The final processing of pepper is carried out with a calcium solution to strengthen the fruit – for 10 liters of water is obtained 5 g of potassium sulfate, 20 g of calcium nitrate and 10 g of superphosphate. You can replace potassium sulfate with 10 g of potassium magnesium.

Greenhouse and greenhouse works

Mineral fertilizers (phosphorus-potassium, nitrogen) for peppers in greenhouses and greenhouses are applied taking into account the nuances of indoor cultivation. There is a risk of acidifying the soil with nitrogen, so the amount of nitrogen fertilization is reduced by half and irrigation is increased.

Take 1 kg of rotten manure or 0.75 kg of bird droppings for the first feeding for 10 liters of water. For the second treatment add 5 g of potassium sulfate and 10 g of superphosphate. The third treatment is carried out with a mixture of organic matter and minerals – using mullein or bird droppings, add 40 g of superphosphate, 15 g of potassium sulfate, 6 g of ammonium nitrate.

In indoor and outdoor areas, using azofoska, nitrate, potassium supplements, you should first moisten the soil and loosen it after the event. By following the recommendations, you can get a rich harvest of strong, healthy peppers, even without experience.

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